I. Cellular BiologyCells are the basic structures of all living organisms, making them the basic unit of living things. Cells are relevant to biology class because biology is the study of life and all forms of life.
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IV. Types of CellsThere are two types of cells- eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Eukaryotic cells are the plants and animal cells. Prokaryotic is the bacteria cells. The biggest difference between the two cells is that the eukaryotic cell has a nucleus, the prokaryotic does not. Eukaryotic cells have a true nuclei that has DNA in it. The DNA in the eukaryotic cells are in the same place and are tightly together whereas the prokaryotic cells have the DNA in the nucleoid and not together,it is free. Eukaryotes can either be unicellular or multicellular.
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II. How big are objects in the biological world?
The size of the head of a pin is about 2mm in diameter, which is pretty small. On top of the head, there are cells, bacterias, viruses, and other things that are invisible to the naked eye. Below is a list of things that sit on top of the head of the pin and its size.
- Human hair - 200 micrometers (100)
- Dust mite - 200 micrometers (100)
- Ragweed pollen - 20 micrometers (1,000)
- Lymphocyte - 20 micrometers (1,000)
- Red blood cells - 20 micrometers (1,000)
- Baker's yeast - 20 micrometers (1,000)
- E. coli - 2 micrometers (10,000)
- Staphylococcus - 2 micrometers (10,000)
- Ebola virus - 200 nanometers (100,000)
- Rhinovirus - 20 nanometers (1,000,000)
III. Levels of Organization
- Atom: Smallest unit of an element that retains the elements properties.
- Molecule: Two or more atoms of the same or different elements joined together to form molecules.
- Cells: Smallest unit that can reproduce and live on its own.
- Tissue: Cells of certain types and porportions that interract in some task.
- Organ: Various interracting tissues working in one way or another.
- Organ System: Organs that, physically and chemically, work together to make a function.
- Organism: A living thing that consists of tissues, organs, and organ systems.
- Population: A group of the same cells occupying a certain area.
- Community: All populations of certain species that are in a specific location.
- Ecosystem: A physical environment that has an interacting community.
- Biosphere: Planet Earth and it's life. Earth's water, crust, and atmosphere holds organisms in it.
V. Compare and Contrast Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic
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Similarities
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Eukaryotic
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VI. Visualizing Cells
We are using a compound microscope to visualize cells.
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Extra Credit: Prokaryotes (bacteria cells)
Bacteria cell at x40, picture
Bacteria cell x100, picture
Bacteria cell x400, picture